World Mayor 2023

Mayors in Europe
Powers & Politics
Research by Tann vom Hove, Andrew Stevens, Brian Baker, Jacek Bruchal, Sven Krüger



ON THIS PAGE: European mayors - powers and politics ||| European Union countries ||| Countries outside the European Union |||



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European mayorsEuropean mayors:
Their powers and politics

August 2019: A plethora of city leadership models exist across Europe, depending on history and political culture, though the challenges facing urban areas are mostly identical. While in France, Belgium, Spain, Greece and Portugal the mayor is head of the party list on the council, in Luxembourg and the Netherlands mayors are appointed by the central government for a six-year term. In contrast to the elected mayors of Poland and Romania, in Finland, Ireland and Iceland the council is run by an appointed manager. In Germany, mayors are directly elected as are all metro mayors in England. In many European countries mayors enjoy considerable powers and their responsibilities cover a wide array of day-to-day activities as well as longterm projects such as health, education, policing, environment and culture.

The capital cities of the European Union’s three largest countries, Germany, France and the UK, are governed by centre-left mayors. Berlin’s Michael Müller, a Social Democrat, heads an administration that includes, in addition to the centre-left SPD, the Greens and the leftist party Die Linke. Anne Hidalgo, a member of France’s Socialist Party, has been Mayor of Paris since 2014. She was the city’s deputy mayor from 2001 to 2014. London has had three mayors since the current system of directly elected mayors was introduced in 2000. Ken Livingstone, Mayor from 2000 to 2008, was first elected as an independent but won re-election in 2004 as the official Labour candidate. After eight years under the mayorship of the Conservative Boris Johnson (2008 – 2016), London elected the Labour candidate Sadiq Khan as its new mayor.

Most of Europe’s 38 capital city mayors belong to parties on the left and centre-left of the political spectrum. Of the 28 mayors of EU capital cities, 15 are members of socialist, social democrat or other left-leaning parties, such as the mayors of Vienna, Copenhagen, Riga, Brussels and Lisbon. Some eleven EU mayors belong to centrist and centre-right parties parties, while only two mayors adhere to the right. Outside the EU, some six European capital mayors belong to leftist parties, one to centrists and three to parties on the right.


EUROPEAN UNION (EU)
AUSTRIA
National government:
Conservative/far-right coalition until the ‘Ibiza scandal’. Interim technocrat government until new elections scheduled for September 2019
Municipalities:
Around 2,100 municipalities in nine federal states
Mayors’ term of office: five or six years, depending on state
Mayoral elections: Directly or indirectly elected, depending on state
Responsibilities: Culture, health, social services, public order, roads & transport, social services, urban planning, water & sewerage, waste
Capital: Vienna's mayor also serves as governor of the state government under Austria's federal constitution.
MAYORS:
Eisenstadt
: Thomas Steiner; Born 1967; Mayor since 2011; centre-right
Graz: Siegfried Nagl; Born 1963; Mayor since 2003; centre-right
Innsbruck: Georg Willi; Born 1959; Mayor since 2010; Greens
Klagenfurt: Maria-Luise Mathiaschitz; Born 1957; Mayor since 2015; centre-left
Linz: Klaus Luger; Born 1960; Mayor since 2013; centre-left
Rust: Gerold Stagl; Born 1960; Mayor since 2012; centre-left
Salzburg: Harald Preuner; Born 1959; Mayor since 2017; centre-right
VIENNA: Michael Ludwig; Born 1961; Mayor since 2018, centre-left


BELGIUM
National government:
Since the December 2018 elections a caretaker coalition government made up of liberal and conservative parties.
Municipalities:
589 municipalities in three regions
Mayors’ term of office: six years
Mayoral elections: Indirect: appointed by central government on the recommendation of the municipality
Responsibilities: civil registration, public order, urban planning, water & sewerage, waste
Capital: The mayor of the City of Brussels (which governs the smaller city area only) should not be confused with the Minister-President ('prime minister') of the Brussels-Capital Region or the Governor of the Brussels-Capital Region (a ceremonial 'prefect')
MAYORS:
Anderlecht: Eric Thomas; Bron 1948; Mayor since 2012; Socialist
Antwerp
: Bart de Wever; Born 1970; Mayor since 2013, Nationalist-conservative
Bruges: Dirk Defauw; Born 1957; Mayor since 2018; Centre-right
BRUSSELS: Philippe Close; Born 1971; Mayor since 2017; Socialist
Charleroi: Paul Magnette; Born 1971; Mayor since 2013; Socialist
Ghent: Mathias de Clercq; Born 1981; Mayor since 2018, Liberal
Leuven: Mohamed Ridouani; Bron 1979; Mayor since 2018; Socialist
Liége
: Willy Demeyer; Born 1959; Mayor since 1999; Socialist
Mechelen: Bart Somers; Born 1964; Mayor since 2001; Liberal
Molenbeek-Saint-Jean: Catherine Moureaux; Born 1978; Mayor since 2018: Socialist
Mons:
Nicolas Martin; Born 1976; Mayor since 2018; Socialist
Namur:
Maxime Prévot; Born 1979; Mayor since 2012; Humanist
Ostende:
Bart Tommelin; Born 1962; Mayor since 2018; Liberal
Schaerbeek:
Bernard Clerfayt; Born 1961; Mayor since 2001; Centre-right
Uccle:
Boris Dillies; Born 1972; Mayor since 2017; Centre-right
Full list of Belgian mayors


BULGARIA
National government:
Coalition government of conservative and nationalist parties
Municipalities:
265 municipalities in 28 administrative regions
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Direct
Responsibilities: Culture & leisure, roads & transport, urban planning and construction, waste,
Capital: Sofia serves as both a city and region
MAYORS:
Bozhurishte: Asparuh Apsaruhov
Burgas: Dimitar Nikolov; Born 1967; Mayor since 2007; Centrist
Plovdiv: Ivan Totev; Born 1975; Mayor since 2011; Centre-right
Ruse: Plamen Stoilov; Born 1962; Mayor since 2011
Varna: Ivan Portnih; Born 1976; Mayor since 2013; Centre-right
SOFIA: Yordanka Fandukova; Born 1962; Mayor since 2009; Conservative


CROATIA
National government: Coalition of conservatives (senior partner) and liberals (junior partner)
Municipalities: 555 municipalities in 21 counties
Mayors' term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: indirect, mayor is head of party list
Responsibilities: culture & leisure, education, environment, fire, health, housing, planning, welfare
Capital: Zagreb is governed as a county, with nine towns and 25 municipalities.
MAYORS:
Dubrovnik: Mato Franković; Born 1982; Mayor since 2017; National conservative
Knin: Marko Jelić, Independent
Osijek: Ivan Vrkić, Independent
Pula: Boris Miletić; Born 1975; Mayor since 2006; Centre-left regional
Rikeka: Vojko Obersnel; Born 1957; Mayor since 2000; Centre-left Social Democrat
Sibenik: Željko Burić; Born 1955; Mayor since 2013, Conservative centre-right
Slavonski Brod: Mirko Duspara; Born in 1961; Independent
Split: Andro Krstulović Opara; Born in 1967; Mayor since 2017; Conservative centre-right
Zadar: Branko Dukić; Conservative centre-right
ZAGREB: Milan Bandic; Born 1955; Mayor since 2005; Independent centre-left


CYPRUS
National government:
Presidential system of government. Current incumbent conservative, centre-right
Municipalities:
30 municipalities (urban) and around 350 communes (rural) in nine administrative districts
Mayors’ term of office: five years
Mayoral elections: direct
Local government responsibilities: environmental protection, public health, urban planning, water supply, waste
Capital: Nicosia city is capital of the Nicosia district
MAYORS
Larnaca: Andreas Vyras; Born 1978; Mayor since 2017; Left
Limassol: Nicos Nicolaides; Born 1953; Mayor since 2016, Independent, centre-left, green
NICOSIA: Constantinos Yiorkadjis; Born 1968; Mayor since 2012; Centre-right


CZECH REPUBLIC
National government:
Coalition of populist and social-democratic parties
Municipalities:
Around 6,258 municipalities in 14 regions
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: indirectly by council
Local government responsibilities: agriculture, economy, education, social security, policing, urban planning, social security, water
Capital: the city-region of Prague appoints a mayor from the assembly of the 57 municipalities in the capital
MAYORS
Brno: Markéta Vanková; Born 1977; Mayor since 2018, Conservative
Liberec: Jaroslav Zámecník; Born 1966; Mayor since 2018; Conservative
Olomouc: Miroslav Zbánek; Born 1973; Mayor since 2018; Populist
Ostrava: Tomás Macura; Born 1964; Mayor since 2014, Populist
Plzen: Martin Baxa; Born 1975; Mayor since 2018; Conservative
PRAGUE: Zdenek Hřnb; Born 1981; Mayor since 2018; Liberal (Pirate Party)


DENMARK
National government:
Social democratic minority government since June 2019
Municipalities: 98 municipalities in five regions
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Indirectly by council
Local government responsibilities: Children, culture & leisure, education, waste
Capital: The Capital Region of Denmark consists of 29 municipalities, of which Copenhagen is the largest
MAYORS
Aarhus: Jacob Bundsgaard; Born 1976; Mayor since 2011; Social Democrat
COPENHAGEN: Frank Jensen; Born 1961; Mayor since 2010; Social Democrat
Esbjerg: Johnny Søtrup; Born1949; Mayor since 1994, Liberal


ESTONIA
National government:
Coalition of Liberals (senior partner) and two conservative / populist parties
Municipalities: 30 cities and 183 municipalities in 15 counties
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Indirectly by council
Local government responsibilities: Culture & leisure, education, health, housing, social welfare, transport, urban planning, waste, water & sewerage
Capital: Tallinn is further divided into eight sub-districts, each with their own mayor
MAYORS
TALLINN: Mihhail Kolvert; Born 1977; Mayor since April 2019, Centre-left
Tartu: Urmas Klaas; Born 1971; Mayor since 2014; Centre-left liberal


FINLAND
National government:
Since June 2019, coalition of Social Democrats (senior partner), Greens and other centre-left parties
Municipalities:
313 municipalities in 19 regions. Four cities operate mayoral system.
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: indirectly by council: the mayor is a civil servant appointed by the council to head its administration
Local government responsibilities: education, health, leisure and culture, roads & transport, (inc. ports) social services, urban planning, water & sewerage, waste
Capital: The Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council is a voluntary association to provide coordination between the four largest municipalities in the capital region
MAYORS
HELSINKI: Jan Vapaavuori; Born 1965; Mayor since June 2017; Centre-right
Turku: Aleksi Randell; Born 1975; Mayor since 2010; Centre-right / liberal


FRANCE
National government:
Since May 2017, centrist / liberal government under President Emmanuel Macron
Municipalities: 36,658 municipalities (communes) in 16 regions
Mayors’ term of office: six years
Mayoral elections: Indirect, mayor is head of party list in council election (if the mayor is appointed to another post in government, a deputy performs their duties)
Local government responsibilities: Civil registration, culture, economy, education, environment, public order, roads, social welfare, urban planning
Capital: The Paris city council and the départment of Paris share the same boundaries, while the city is divided into 20 sub-districts
MAYORS
Aix-en-Provence: Maryse Joissains-Masini; Born 1942; Mayor since 2001; Centre-right
Angers: Christophe Béchu; Born 1974; Mayor since 2014; Centre-right
Besançon: Jean-Louis Fousseret; Born 1946; Mayor since 2001; Centre-left
Bordeaux: Nicolas Florian; Born 1969; Mayor since March 2019, centre-right
Brest: François Cuillandre; Born 1955; Mayor since 2001, Socialist
Dijon: François Rebsamen; Born 1951; Mayor from 2001 to 2014 and 2015 to date; Socialist
Grenoble: Eric Piolle; Born 1973; Mayor since 2014; The Greens
Le Havre: Jean Baptiste Gastinne; Born 1967; Mayor since March 2019, Centre-right
Le Mans: Stéphane Le Foll; Born 1960; Mayor since 2018, Socialist
Lille: Martine Aubry; Born 1950; Mayor since 2001; Socialist
Lyon: Gérard Collomb; Born 1947; Mayor from 2001 until 2017 and again from 2018 to date; Socialist until 2017 when he joined President Macron’s centre-right / liberal ‘La Republique en Marche’
Marseille: Jean-Claude Gaudin; Born 1939; Mayor since 1995; Centre-right
Montpellier: Philippe Saurel; Born 1957; Mayor since 2014; Radical left
Montreuil-sous-Bois: Patrice Bessac; Born in 1978; Mayor since 2014; Communist
Nantes: Johanna Rolland; Born 1979; Mayor since 2014; Socialist
Nice: Christian Estrosi; Born 1955; Mayor from 2008 to 2016 and again from 2017 to date, centre-right
Nîmes: Jean-Paul Fournier; Born 1955; Mayor from 2008 o 2016 since 2001; Centre-right
PARIS: Anne Hidalgo; Born 1959; Mayor since 2014; Socialist
Reims: Arnaud Robinet; Born 1975; Mayor since 2014; Centre-right
Rennes: Nathalie Appéré; Born 1975; Mayor since 2014; Socialist
Rouen: Yvon Robert; Born 1949; Mayor since 2012; Socialist
Saint-Etienne: Gaël Perdriau; Born 1972; Mayor since 2014; Centre-right
Strasbourg: Roland Ries; Born 1945; Mayor since 2008; Socialist
Toulon: Hubert Falco; Born 1947; Mayor since 2001; Centre-right
Toulouse: Jean-Luc Moudenc; Born 1960; Mayor since 2014, Centre-right
Full list of French mayors


GERMANY
National government:
Coalition of centre-right (Christian Democrats) and centre-left (Social Democrats) parties.
Municipalities: 11,313 municipalities in 16 federal states
Mayors’ term of office: between five and nine years, depending on state
Mayoral elections: Directly or indirectly elected, depending on state
Local government responsibilities: Culture, economy, education, fire, housing, roads, social welfare, waste, water
Capital: the city of Berlin (Popl. 3.4 million) is also a state (the mayor is minister-president) and is divided into 12 sub-districts, each with their own mayor.
Parties: CDU = Christian Democratic Union, centre-right; CSU = Christian Social Union; right; SPD = Social Democrats; centre-left; FDP = Free Democrats; conservative-liberal; Green = Green Party; ecological centre-left
MAYORS
Aachen: Marcel Philipp; Born 1971; Mayor since 2009; (CDU)
Augsburg: Kurt Gribl; Born 1964; Mayor since 2008; (CSU)
BERLIN: Michael Müller; Born 1964; Mayor (state governor) since 2014; (SPD)
Bielefeld: Peter Clausen; Born 1962; Mayor since 2009; (SPD)
Bochum: Thomas Eiskirch; Born 1970; Mayor since 2015; (SPD)
Bonn: Ashok Alexander Sridharan; Born 1965; Mayor since 2015; (CDU)
Braunschweig Ulrich Markurth; Born 1956; Mayor since 2014; (SPD)
Bremen: Andreas Bovenschulte; Born 1965; Mayor (state governor) since 2019; (SPD)
Chemnitz: Barbara Ludwig; Born 1962; Mayor since 2006; (SPD)
Cologne: Henriette Reker; Born 1956; Mayor since 2015; (Independent)
Dortmund: Ullrich Sierau; Born 1956; Mayor since 2009; (SPD)
Dresden: Dirk Hilbert; Born 1971; Mayor since 2015; (FDP)
Duisburg: Sören Link; Born 1976; Mayor since 2012; (SPD)
Essen: Thomas Kufen; Born 1973; Mayor since 2015; (CDU)
Frankfurt: Peter Feldmann; Born 1959; Mayor since 2012; (SPD)
Freiburg: Martin Horn; Born 1984; Mayor since 2018; (Independent)
Gelsenkirchen: Frank Baranowski; Born 1962; Mayor since 2004; (SPD)
Hagen: Erik Schulz; Born 1966; Mayor since 2014; (Independent)
Halle: Bernd Wiegand; Born 1957; Mayor since 2012; (Independent)
Hamburg: Peter Tschentscher; Born 1966; Mayor (State governor) since 2018; (SPD)
Hamm: Thomas Hunsteger-Petermann; Born 1953; Mayor since 1999; (CDU)
Hannover: Vacant
Heidelberg: Eckhart Würzner; Born 1962; Mayor since 2006 (Independent)
Herne: Frank Dudda; Born 1963; Mayor since 2015; (SPD)
Karlsruhe: Frank Mentrup; Born 1964; Mayor since 2012; (SPD)
Kassel: Christian Geselle; Born 1976; Mayor since 2017; (SPD)
Kiel: Ulf Kämpfer; Born 1972; Mayor since 2014; (SPD)
Krefeld: Frank Meyer; Born 1974; Mayor since 2014; (SPD)
Leipzig: Burkhard Jung; Bron 1958; Mayor since 2006; (SPD)
Leverkusen: Uwe Richrath; Born 1961; Mayor since 2015; (SPD)
Lübeck: Jan Lindenau; Born 1979; Mayor since 2017; (SPD)
Ludwigshafen: Eva Lohse; Born 1962; Mayor since 2002; {CDU)
Magdeburg: Lutz Trumper; Born 1955; Mayor since 2001 (SPD)
Mainz: Michael Ebling; Born 1967; Mayor since 2012 ((SPD)
Mannheim: Peter Kurz; Born 1962; Mayor since 2007 (SPD)
Mönchengladbach: Hans Wilhelm Reiners; Born 1955; Mayor since 2014; (CDU)
Mülheim/Ruhr: Ulrich Scholten; Born 1960; Mayor since 2015; (SPD)
Münster: Markus Lewe; Born 1965; Mayor since 2009; (CDU)
Munich: Dieter Reite; Born 1958; Mayor since 2014; (SPD)
Nuremberg: Ulrich Maly; Born 1960; Mayor since 2002; (SPD)
Oberhausen: Daniel Schranz; Born 1974; Mayor since 2015; (CDU)
Rostock: Roland Methling; Born Mayor since 2005; (Independent)
Saarbrücken: Charlotte Britz; Born 1958; Mayor since 2004; (SPD) Uwe Conradt (CDU) will take over on 1 October 2019
Solingen: Tim Kurzbach; Born 1978; Mayor since 2015; (SPD)
Stuttgart: Fritz Kuhn; Born 1955; Mayor since 2012; (Green)
Tübingen: Boris Palmer; Born 1972; Mayor since 2007; (Green)
Wiesbaden: Gert-Uwe Mende; Born 1974; Mayor since 2019; (SPD)
Wuppertal: Andreas Mucke; Born 1966; Mayor since 2015; (SPD)
Full list of German mayors
German mayors' salaries


GREECE
National government:
Conservative government since July 2019
Municipalities:
323 municipalities in 13 regions
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: indirect, mayor is head of party list in council election
Local government responsibilities: agriculture, culture & leisure, economy, education, environmental protection, gas, housing, policing, public safety, urban planning, waste, water
Capital: The city of Athens is the largest municipality in Athens Prefecture, which though directly elected, performs a coordination function
MAYORS
ATHENS: Kostas Bakoyannis; Born 1978; Mayor since May 2019, Centre-right
Thessaloniki: Constantinos Zervas, Mayor since May 2019, Independent centrist


HUNGARY
National government:
Nationalist, right-wing government
Municipalities:
3,201 units of local government: upper-tier counties, cities, towns and villages
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Culture, economy, education, environmental protection, fire, housing, roads & transport, urban planning water
Capital: Budapest also holds status as a county-level government but with 23 sub-districts within it
MAYORS
BUDAPEST: Istvan Tarlos; Born 1948; Mayor since October 2010; Independent rightist
Debrecen: László Papp; Born 1972; Mayor since 2014; Right-wing


IRELAND
National government:
Centre-right, liberal-conservative government
Municipalities:
31 local government areas
Mayors’ term of office: five years (council)
Mayoral elections: mayors are appointed by the council for a year as ceremonial chair. The town/borough clerk is head of the administration but as a central government appointed civil servant
Local government responsibilities: housing, leisure, roads, urban planning / cities also: culture, fire, waste, water & sewerage
Capital: Dublin City Council, as with the other four cities in Ireland, enjoys the same competency as a county
Cork: John Sheehan (Lord Mayor); Born 1967; Mayor since June 2019; Fianna Fail centre-right
DUBLIN
: Paul McAuliffe (Lord Mayor); Born 1977; Mayor since June 2019, Fianna Fail centre-right


ITALY
National government:
Coalition government between populist 5-Star Movement and right-wing League
Municipalities:
8,006 municipalities (communes) in 20 regions
Mayors’ term of office: five years
Mayoral elections: direct
Local government responsibilities: culture, economy, environment, policing, social services, urban planning
Capital: Rome's municipality is equal to all others in Italy but divided into 19 sub-districts also
MAYORS
Ancona:
Valeria Mancinelli; Born 1955; Mayor since 2013; Social Democrat
Bari
: Antonio Decaro; Born 1970; Mayor since 2014; Social Democrat
Bologna: Virginio Merola; Born 1955; Mayor since 2011; Social Democrat
Brescia: Emilio Del Bono; Born 1965; Mayor since 2013; Social Democrat
Cagliari: Paulo Truzzi; Born 1972; Mayor since 2019; Centre right
Catania: Salvo Salvatore; Born 1971; Mayor since 2018; Centre right
Firenze (Florence): Dario Nardella; Born 1975; Mayor since 2014; Social Democrat
Genoa: Marco Bucci; Born 1959; Mayor since 2017; Centre right
Messina: Cateno De Luca; Born 1972; Mayor since 2013; Independent
Milan: Giuseppe Sala; Born 1958; Mayor since 2016; Social Democrat
Naples: Luigi di Magistris; Born 1967; Mayor since 2011; Centrist, anti-corruption
Novara: Alessandro Canelli; Born 1971; Mayor since 2016; Far right
Padova: Sergio Giordani; Born 1953; Mayor since 2017; Centre left
Palermo: Leoluca Orlando; Born 1947; Mayor since 2012; Independent
Parma: Frederico Pizzarotti; Born 1973; Mayor since 2012; Independent, formerly Five-Star Movement
Prato: Matteo Biffoni; Born 1974; Mayor since 2014; Far right
Ravenna: Michele De Pascale; Born 1985; Mayor since 2016; Social Democrat
Reggio Calabria: Giuseppe Falcomata; Born 1983; Mayor since 2014; Social Democrat
Rimini: Andrea Grassi; Born 1969; Mayor since 2011; Social Democrat
ROME: Virginia Elena Raggi; Born 1978; Mayor since 2016; Populist, 5-Star Movement
Salerno: Vincenzo Napoli; Born 1950; Mayor since 2016; Social Democrat
Sassari: Nicola Sanna; Born 1963; Mayor since 2014; Social Democrat
Taranto: Rinaldo Melucci; Born 1977; Mayor since 2017; Social Democrat
Trieste: Roberto Dipiazza; Born 1953; Mayor since 2016; Centre right
Turin: Chiara Appendino; Born 1984; Mayor since 2016; Populist, 5-Star Movement
Venice: Luigi Brugnaro; Born 1961; Mayor since 2015; Independent
Verona: Federico Sboarina; Born 1971; Mayor since 2017; Centre right independent
Full list of Italian mayors


LATVIA
National government:
Centre-right coalition
Municipalities:
119 municipalities in five administrative regions
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral election: Indirectly by council
Local government responsibilities: Civil registration, culture, education, health, housing, public order, social services, transport, urban planning, waste, water
Capital: the region of Riga contains the city itself and the neighbouring city of Jurmala
MAYORS:
Daugavpils: Andrejs Elksnins; Born 1982; Mayor since January 2019; Centre left
RIGA
: Olegs Burovs; Born 1960; Acting mayor since 2019, Centre left, municipal party


LITHUANIA
National government:
Coalition of centre-left and centrist parties
Municipalities:
60 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral election: Indirectly by council
Responsibilities: Economy, education, environment, housing, transport
Capital: Vilnius is served by the city municipality and a district municipality (outer area), which are both in the county of Vilnius (province). The city is divided into 21 sub-districts
MAYORS:
Kaunas: Visvaldas Matijošaitis; Born 1957; Mayor since 2015; Centre right
VILNIUS: Remigijus Šimašius; Born 1974; Mayor since 2015; Liberal


LUXEMBOURG
National government:
Centre-left / Green coalition
Municipalities:
105 municipalities (communes)
Mayors’ term of office: six years
Mayoral election: Indirect: appointed by central government on the recommendation of the municipality
Local government responsibilities: culture, education, health, public order, urban planning
Capital: Luxembourg City is the largest municipality and capital of the Grand Duchy
MAYORS:
Differdange: Roberto Traversini; Born 1963; Mayor since 2014, Green
Esch-sur-Alzette: Vera Spautz; Born 1963; Mayor since 2013, Socialist
LUXEMBOURG: Lydie Polfer, Born 1952; Mayor since 2013, Liberal


MALTA
National government:
Centre-left Labour Party
Municipalities:
68 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: three years
Mayoral elections: mayors are appointed by the council for three years as president. The council secretary is head of the administration but as an appointed civil servant
Local government responsibilities: education, health, leisure, public order, roads
Capital: Valetta's city council is equal to all other councils in Malta
MAYORS:
Mdina: Peter Dei Conti Sant-Manduca; Born 1966; Mayor since 2003, Centre right
Qormi: Jesmond Aquilina; Mayor from 2004 to 2012 and again since 2017; Socialist
Sliema: Anthony Chircop, since 2012; Centre right
VALETTA: Alfred Zammit; Born 1969; Mayor since 2019; Socialist


THE NETHERLANDS
National government:
Centre-right coalition
Municipalities:
390 municipalities in 12 provinces
Mayors’ term of office: six years
Mayoral election: indirect: appointed by central government on the recommendation of the municipality
Local government responsibilities: culture, education, health, housing, public order, social services, transport, urban planning
Capital: the City of Amsterdam is further divided into 15 sub-districts, while Rotterdam, the country's commercial capital, consists of 11 sub-municipalities, called 'deelgemeenten'.
MAYORS:
AMSTERDAM: Femke Halsema; Born 1966; Mayor since June 2018; Green Left
Eindhoven: John Jorritsma; Born 1956; Mayor since 2016; Centre right
The Hague: Pauline Christine Krikke; Born 1961; Mayor since March 2017; Centre-right
Rotterdam: Ahmed Aboutaleb; Born 1961; Mayor since 2009; Labour
Utrecht: Jan van Zanen; Born 1961; Mayor since 2014, Centre right


POLAND
National government:
Nationalist, right-wing
Municipalities:
2,479 municipalities in 16 provinces
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral election: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Culture, education, environment, health, housing, social services, transport
Capital: Warsaw is the largest city in the Marsovia province
MAYORS:
Bydgoszcz: Rafal Bruski; born 1962; Mayor since 2010; Centrist (PO)
Gdansk
: Aleksndra Dulkiewicz; Born 1979; Mayor since 1998, Independent
Katowice: Marcin Krupa; Born 1976; Mayor since 2014; Independent
Kraków
: Jacek Majchrowski; Born 1947; Mayor since 2002, Independent
Lódz: Hanna Zdanowska; Born 1959; Mayor since 2010, Centrist (PO)
Lublin: Krzysztof Zuk; Born 1957; Mayor since 2010;
Poznan: Jacek Jaskowiak; Born 1964; Mayor since 2014; Centrist (PO)
Szczecin: Priotr Krzystek; Born 1973; Mayor since 2006; Independent
WARSAW: Rafal Trzasowski, Born 1972; Mayor since 2018, Centrist (PO)
Wroclaw: Jacek Zbigniew; Born 1978; Mayor since 2018
Full list of Polish mayors


PORTUGAL
National government:
Leftist / Green coalition; Next elections 6 October 2019
Municipalities:
308 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral election: Indirect, mayor is head of party list in council election
Local government responsibilities: Public works, urban planning (4240 communes provide culture, education, environment and health services on the same basis of election)
Capital: Lisbon Metropolitan Area consists of the city and 18 other municipalities for the purpose of inter-municipal cooperation
MAYORS:
Faro: Rogério Bacalhau; Born 1962; Mayor since 2013; Liberal-conservative
LISBON: Fernando Medina; Born 1973; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Porto: Rui de Carvalho de Araújo Moreira; Born 1956; Mayor since 2013, Independent
Viseu: Almeida Henriques; Born 1961; Mayor since 2013; Centre-right


ROMANIA
National government:
Social Democrat but increasingly authoritarian
Municipalities:
320 cities and 2,861 communes in 41 counties
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral election: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Culture & leisure, education, environment, housing, public order, transport, urban planning, water & sewerage, waste
Capital: Bucharest is both a city and a county further divided into six sub-districts each with their own mayor
MAYORS:
BUCHAREST: Gabriela Firea; Born 1972; Mayor since 2016; Social Democrat
Cluj-Napoca: Emil Boc; Born 1966; Mayor since 2012, Conservative-liberal (National Liberal Party)
Lasi: Mihai Chirica; Born 1972; Mayor since 2016, Centre-left


SLOVAKIA
National government:
Centre-left, Social Democrat
Municipalities:
2,930 municipalities in eight regions
Mayors’ term of office: Four
Mayoral elections: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Culture, education, environment, health, social services, transport, water & sewerage
Capital: Bratislava is a region with five councils (Bratislava I-V) for the city which are divided into 17 sub-districts each with their own mayor
MAYORS:
BRATISLAVA: Matús Vallo; Born 1977; Mayor since 2018; Progressive
Kosice: Jaroslav Polaček; Born 1976; Mayor since 2018, Conservative


SLOVENIA
National government:
Centre-left / Liberal
Municipalities:
212 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral election: Direct
Local government responsibilities: economy, education, environment, housing, public order, urban planning, waste & sewerage
Capital: Ljubljana is one of 11 municipalities with enhanced urban status
MAYORS:
Kranj: Matjaz Rakovec; Born 1964; Mayor since 2018; Centre left, Social Democrat
LJUBLJANA: Zoran Jankovic; Born 1953; since 2012, Centre left, founder of the Positive Slovenia Party
Velenje: Bojan Kontič; Born 1961; Mayor since 2011; Centre left


SPAIN
National government:
Socialist, centre-left
Municipalities:
8,176 municipalities in 19 regions
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: Indirect, mayor is head of party list in council election
Local government responsibilities: Environment, roads, urban planning, water (larger units: culture, environment, fire, social services, transport, waste)
Capital: The city of Madrid is part of the autonomous region of Madrid, as well as other municipalities
MAYORS
Alcalá de Henares: Javier Rodriguez Palacios; Born 1972; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Alicante: Luis Barcala; Born 1962; Mayor since 2018; Socialist
Almería: Ramon Fernandez-Pacheco; Born 1983; Mayor since 2015; Centre-right
Barcelona: Ada Colau Ballano; Born 1974; Mayor since 2018; Leftist
Bilbao: Juan Maria Aburto; Born 1961; Mayor since 2015; Basque nationalist
Cartagena: Ana Belen Castejon Hernandez; Born 1979; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Castellón de la Plana: Amparo Marco Gual; Born 1968; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Córdoba: Jose Marion Bellido; Born 1977; Mayor since 2019; Socialist
Elche: Carlos Gonzalez Serna; Born 1965; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Fuenlabrada: Javier Ayala; Born 1972; Mayor since 2018; Socialist
Girona: Marta Madrenas; Born 1967; Mayor since 2016; Catalonian nationalist
Gijón: Ana Gonzalez; Born 1963; Mayor since 2019; Socialist
Granada: Luis Salvador; Born 1963; Mayor since 2019; Centrist
Jerez de la Frontera: Dona Maria del Carmen Sanchez Diaz; Born 1968; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
La Coruña: Ines Rey Garcia; Born 1982; Mayor since 2019; Socialist
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Augusto Hidalgo Marario; Born 1972; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Leganés: Santiago Llorente; Born 1969; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
L’Hospitalet de Lobregat: Núria Marín Martínez; Born 1963; Mayor since 2008; Catalan Socialist
Lleida: Miquel Pueyo; Born 1957; Mayor since 2019; Catalan Social Democrat
MADRID: Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida; Born 1975; Mayor since 2019; Centre right
Málaga: Francisco de la Torre; Born 1942; Mayor since 2003; Centre right
Móstoles: Noellia Posse Gomez; Born 1978; Mayor since 2018; Socialist
Murcia; Jose Ballesta German; Born 1958; Mayor since 2015; Centre right
Oviedo: Alfredo Canteli; Born 1946; Mayor since 2019; Centre right
Palma de Mallorca: Jose Hila Vargas; Born 1972; Mayor since 2019; Socialist
Pamplona: Enrique Maya; Born 1959; Mayor since 2019; Centre right
Sabadell: Marta Farres; Born 1981; Mayor since 2019; Catalonian socialist
San Sebastián: Eneko Goia; Born 1971; Mayor since 2015; Basque nationalist
Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Patricia Hernandez Gutierrez; Born 1980; Mayor since 2019; Socialist
Santander: Gema Igual Ortiz; Born 1973; Mayor since 2016; Centre right
Sevilla: Juan Espadas; Born 1966; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Tarragona: Pau Ricoma; Born 1957; Mayor since 2019; Catalan Social Democrat
Terrasa: Jordi Ballart; Born 1980; Mayor since 2019; Left, local party
Valencia: Joan Ribó; Born 1947; Mayor since 2015; Centre left Valencian bloc
Valladolid: Oscar Puente; Born 1968; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Vigo: Abel Caballero; Born 1946; Mayor since 2007; Socialist
Vitoria: Gorka Urturan Agirre; Born 1972; Mayor since 2015; Basque nationalist
Zaragoza: Jorge Azcon; Born 1973; Mayor since 2019; Socialist


SWEDEN
National government:
Social Democrat / Green coalition
Municipalities:
290 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral election: Indirectly by council
Local government responsibilities: Education, environment, health, roads & transport, social services, urban planning, waste, water
Capital: The city of Stockholm is one of 26 municipalities in Stockholm County and is divided into 14 appointed sub-districts
MAYORS:
Gothenburg: Axel Josefson; Born 1970; Mayor since 2019; Centre right
Malmö: Katrin Stjernfeldt Jammeh; Born 1974; Mayor since 2013; Social Democrat
STOCKHOLM: Anna König Jerlmyr; Born 1978; Mayor since 2018; Centre right


UNITED KINGDOM
National government:
Conservative supported by Northern Irish Protestant Unionists
Municipalities:
England 284 municipalities and 124 single-tier authorities in nine regions; Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 65 municipalities;
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral election: 'Leaders' indirectly by council; 12 directly elected mayors in England
Local government responsibilities: Environment, housing, leisure, urban planning, waste (single tier: also culture, education, roads & transport, social services)
Capital: Greater London is divided into 33 single-tier boroughs (three with elected mayor)

Elected regional (metro) mayors
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough: James Palmer; Born 1969; Mayor since 2017; Conservative
Greater LONDON: Sadiq Khan; Born 1970; Mayor since 2016; Labour
Greater Manchester: Andy Burnham; Born 1970; Mayor since 2017; Labour
Liverpool City Region: Steve Rotheram; Born 1961; Mayor since 2017; Labour
North of Tyne: Jamie Driscoll; Born 1971; Mayor since 2019; Labour
Sheffield City Region:
Dan Jarvis; Born 1972; Mayor since 2018; Labour
Tees Valley
: Ben Houchen; Born 1986; Mayor since 2017; Conservative
West of England: Tim Bowles; Mayor since 2017; Conservative
West Midlands / Greater Birmingham: Andy Street; Born 1963; Mayor since 2017; Conservative

Elected city mayors
Bedford: Dave Hodgson; Born 1959; Mayor since 2009; Liberal Democrat
Bristol: Marvin Rees; Born 1972; Mayor since 2016; Labour
Copeland: Mike Starkie; Mayor since 2015; Independent
Doncaster: Ros Jones; Born 1949; Mayor since 2013; Labour
Hackney (London borough): Philip Glanville; Mayor since 2016; Labour
Leicester: Peter Soulsby; Born 1948; Mayor since 2011; Labour
Lewisham (London borough): Damien Egan; Mayor since 2018; Labour
Liverpool (City): Joe Anderson; Born 1958; Mayor since 2012; Labour
Mansfield: Andy Abrahams; Mayor since 2019; Labour
Middlesbrough: Andy Preston; born 1966; Mayor since 2019; Labour
Newham (London borough): Rokhsana Fiaz; Mayor since 2018; Labour
North Tyneside: Norma Redfearn; Mayor since 2013; Labour
Salford: Paul Dennett; Mayor since 2016; Labour
Tower Hamlets (London borough): John Biggs; Born 1957; Mayor since 2015; Labour
Watford: Peter Taylor; Mayor since 2018; Liberal Democrat

Full list of elected British mayors


OUTSIDE EU
ALBANIA
National government: Socialist
Municipalities:
61 municipalities in 12 regions
Mayors' term of office: Three years
Mayoral elections: Direct
2019 mayoral elections: The June 2019 municipal elections were boycotted by most opposition parties, including the centre-right Democratic Party. The Socialist Party contested 31 municipalities unopposed. In the other 30 municipalities it faced minor parties and/or independents. The Socialists won in 60 out of 61 municipalities.
Local government responsibilities:
Culture & leisure, education, environment, planning, public health, roads, welfare
Capital: Tirana is capital of the district and county, which are larger entities than the city.
MAYORS:
Durres: Vangjush Dako; Born 1966; Mayor since 2006; Socialist
Elbasan: Qazim Sejdini; Born 1951; Mayor since 2007; Socialist
Lipkovo
: Erkan Arifi; Mayor since 2017; Centre left
TIRANA: Erion Veliaj; Born 1979; Mayor since 2015; Socialist


BELARUS
National government: Authoritarian
Municipalities: 118 districts, 102 cities and 108 towns in six provinces
Mayors' term of office: indefinite
Mayoral elections: Appointed by president on advice of city council
Local government responsibilities: Culture & leisure, economy, education, environment, health, housing, planning, transport, waste, welfare
Capital: Minsk is a self-rule city and is also capital of the Minsk Province. It is further divided into nine districts for administrative purposes.
MAYORS:
Brest: Aleksandr Rogachuk; Born 1965; Mayor since 2014
MINSK: Anatoli Sivak; Mayor since November 2018


BOSNIA AND HERZOGOVINA
National government: Conservative / nationalist
Municipalities:
142 municipalities in two republics
Mayors' term of office: Four years
Mayoral election: Direct
Capital: Sarajevo is de jure capital of both republics as well as the Sarajevo canton. In addition to the city council there are four municipalities, including Sarajevo Centre.
MAYORS:
Brcko: Sinisa Milic; Serb Social Democrat
Doboj: Boris Jerinic; Born 1980; Mayor since February 2019; Independent
Mostar: Ljubo Beslic; Born 1958; Mayor since 2004; Centre right, Croatian Democratic Union
SARAJEVO: Abdulah Skaka; Born 1983; Mayor since 2017; Conservative Muslim


ICELAND
National government:
Green / leftist coalition
Municipalities:
79 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: Indirect, the municipality may choose to appoint a councillor as mayor or hire a council manager, for an indeterminate period
Local government responsibilities: Education, electricity, environment, fire, social services, transport (inc. ports), waste, urban planning, water & sewerage
Capital: Reykjavik tends to appoint a councillor as mayor
MAYORS:
Kópavogur: Ármann Kristinn Ólafsson; Born 1966; Mayor since 2012; Progressive
REYKJAVIK: Dagur Bergþóruson Eggertsson; Born 1972; Mayor since 2014; Social Democrat


MOLDOVA
National government: Coalition of pro-European liberals and pro-Russian socialists
Municipalities:
1,679 municipalities in 35 regions
Mayors' term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Direct
Capital: Chisinau is one of the three municipalities and is further divided into five sectors, each headed by a pretor appointed by the mayor.
MAYORS:
CHISINAU: Adrian Talmaci; Acting Mayor since July 2019


NORTH MACEDONIA
National government:
Social Democrat, pro-European, pro-NATO
Municipalities:
84 municipalities
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Culture, economy, education, environment, social services, roads, water
Capital: Greater Skopje consists of 10 municipalities
MAYORS:
SKOPJE: Petre Silegov; Mayor since 2017; Social Democrat


NORWAY
National government:
Conservative
Municipalities:
428 municipalities in 19 counties
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Indirectly appointed by council
Local government responsibilities: Culture & leisure, economy, education, health, social services
Capital: Oslo is both a municipality and a county and is divided into 15 sub-districts
MAYORS:
Bergen: Marte Mjøs Persen; Born 1975; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
OSLO: Marianne Borgen; Born 1961; Mayor since 2015; Socialist
Trondheim: Rita Ottervik Bron 1966; Mayor since 2003, Socialist


RUSSIA
National government: Nationalist / authoritarian
Municipalities:
12,215 municipalities and two federal cities in 83 federal states
Mayors' term of office: four years
Mayoral elections: In a few cities directly; more often than not by the city councils (dumas); some appointed; provincial governors can cancel elections
Local government responsibilities: Varies across the federation, according to negotiated charters, though most deal with education and the local environment.
Capital: Moscow, one of two federal cities, is divided into 123 districts, each with their own elected mayor. It is not part of the Moscow Oblast (state).
MAYORS:
Ekaterinburg: Alexander Vysokinskiy; Mayor since 2018, United Russia, pro Kremlin
Kaliningrad: Alexey Silanov; Mayor since April 2018; United Russia, pro Kremlin
Kazan: Ilsur Metshin; Born 1969; Mayor since 2005; United Russia, pro Kremlin
MOSCOW: Sergei Sobyanin; Born 1958; Mayor since 2010 (acting), elected in 2013; United Russia, pro Kremlin
Novosibirsk: Anatoly Evgenevich Lokot; Bron 1959; Mayor since 2014; Communist Party
St. Petersburg: Alexander Beglov; Born 1956; Mayor since 2018; United Russia pro Kremlin
Vladivostok: Oleg Gumenyuk; Mayor since March 2019; Right wing


SERBIA
National government:
Centre-right, nationalist with independent prime minister
Municipalities:
200 municipalities and four cities
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Education, electricity, social services, transport, urban planning, water
Capital: Belgrade is divided into 17 sub-districts, each with their own mayor
Mayors:
BELGRADE: Zoran Radojicic; Born 1963; since June 2018; National conservative
Novi Sad: Milos Vucevic; Born 1974; Mayor since 2012; National conservative


SWITZERLAND
National government:
All-party coalition
Municipalities:
2,740 municipalities in 26 federal states
Mayors’ term of office: Variable by municipality
Mayoral elections: Indirectly by council (council president acts as ‘mayor’)
Local government responsibilities: Education, energy, police, roads, social welfare, urban planning
Capital: The canton (state) of Berne consists of 26 districts and 398 municipalities, the city of Berne is the capital of the canton and Berne district
Mayors:
Basel: Elisabeth Ackermann; Born 1963; Mayor since 2016; Green
BERN: Alec von Graffenried; Born 1962; Mayor since 2017, Green
Geneva: Sandrine Salerno; Born 1971; Mayor’s term June 2019 to June 2020; Socialist
Zürich: Corine Mauch; Born 1960; Mayor since 2009; Social Democrat


TURKEY
National government: Right-wing, authoritarian
Municipalities: 1,397 municipalities
Mayors' term of office: Five years
Mayoral election: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Education, health, planning, transport, welfare
Capital: The Metropolitan Municipality of Ankara is the political capital of Turkey and consists of the mayor and eight districts. It is also capital of the Ankara province.
MAYORS:
Adana: Zeydan Karalar; Born 1958; Mayor since March 2019; Social Democrat
ANKARA: Mansur Yavas; Born 1955; Mayor since April 2019; Social Democrat
Istanbul: Ekrem İmamoğlu; Born 1970; Mayor since June 2019; Social Democrat
Izmir: Mustafa Tunç Soyer; Born 1959; Mayor since April 2019; Social Democrat


UKRAINE
National government:
Libertarian, pro-European
Municipalities:
10,885 municipal council (9644 villages, 783 towns, 548 cities) in 25 provinces
Mayors’ term of office: Four years
Mayoral elections: Direct
Local government responsibilities: Culture, housing, economy, education, environment, social services, transport, urban planning, waste, water & sewerage
Capital: Kiev enjoys special status as an independent entity within the Ukraine's centralised system
MAYORS:
KIEV: Vitali Klitschko; Born 1971; Mayor since 2014; Pro-European centrist
Odessa: Gennady Trukhanov; Born 1965; Mayor since 2014; Pro-Russia Party of the Regions


Note: where possible common definitions (structures and responsibilities) have been provided

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