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A comparison of UK
21 February 2013: Almost 13 per cent of the UK population live in London. With the exception of Vienna, no other major European capital city is home to such a high proportion of its country’s citizens. Recent research by City Mayors shows that 20.2 per cent of Austrians live in Vienna, 12.9 per cent of Britons call London their home, while 12.4 per of Norwegians reside in Oslo. Helsinki, Copenhagen and Brussels also house more than ten per cent of their respective national populations. But less than five per cent of the people of France, Germany, Poland and Italy live in their respective capital cities. |
|
Capital city (country)
|
City population (in millions)
|
Country population (in millions)
|
Percentage of national population living in capital
|
| Vienna (Austria) |
1.7
|
8.4
|
20.24%
|
| London (UK) |
8.1
|
63.1
|
12.84%
|
| Oslo (Norway) |
0.62
|
5.0
|
12.40%
|
| Helsinki (Finland) |
0.6
|
5.4
|
11.11%
|
| Copenhagen (Denmark) |
0.56
|
5.6
|
10.00%
|
| Brussels (Belgium) |
1.1
|
11.0
|
10.00%
|
| Stockholm (Sweden) |
0.87
|
9.5
|
9.16%
|
| Dublin (Ireland) |
0.53
|
6.4
|
8.28%
|
| Moscow (Russia) |
11.5
|
143.3
|
8.03%
|
| Madrid (Spain) |
3.3
|
47.3
|
6.98%
|
| Athens (Greece) |
0.65
|
10.8
|
6.02%
|
| Lisbon (Portugal) |
0.55
|
10.6
|
5.19%
|
| Amsterdam (Netherlands) |
0.82
|
16.7
|
4.91%
|
| Zurich (Switzerland)* |
0.38
|
8.0
|
4.75%
|
| Rome (Italy) |
2.8
|
60.8
|
4.61%
|
| Warsaw (Poland) |
1.7
|
38.2
|
4.45%
|
| Berlin (Germany) |
3.5
|
81.8
|
4.28%
|
| Paris (France) |
2.2
|
65.4
|
3.36%
|
*Zurich is Switzerland's largest city. Bern is the country's capital.
Cities researched by the UK Office
for National Statistics and Eurostat
|
City
|
Country
|
City population
|
| London | UK |
8,170,000
|
| Berlin | Germany |
3,520,000
|
| Madrid | Spain |
3,265,000
|
| Birmingham | UK |
1,019,000
|
| Cologne | Germany |
995,000
|
| Stockholm | Sweden |
872,000
|
| Valencia | Spain |
807,000
|
| Leeds | UK |
779,000
|
| Oslo | Norway |
624,000
|
| Glasgow | UK |
584,000
|
| Sheffield | UK |
540,000
|
| Hannover | Germany |
520,000
|
| Bradford | UK |
501,000
|
| Gothenburg | Sweden |
500,000
|
| Manchester | UK |
473,000
|
| Edinburgh | UK |
472,000
|
| Liverpool | UK |
441,000
|
| Murcia | Spain |
431,000
|
| Bristol | UK |
426,000
|
| Cardiff | UK |
330,000
|
| Belfast | UK |
268,000
|
| Bergen | Norway |
248,000
|
Population change
(Average annual population change between 2003 and 2008 in %)
The table shows that Oslo, Murcia and Manchester have seen the largest annual growth of around two per cent, while Belfast was the only city in this comparison to have seen a population decline.
| City |
Population change
in % |
| Oslo |
2.0
|
| Murcia |
1.9
|
| Manchester |
1.8
|
| Bristol |
1.7
|
| Leeds |
1.5
|
| Stockholm |
1.3
|
| Bergen |
1.2
|
| Cardiff |
1.2
|
| Göteborg |
1.0
|
| Bradford |
1.0
|
| Edinburgh |
1.0
|
| Sheffield |
0.9
|
| Madrid |
0.8
|
| London |
0.8
|
| Valencia |
0.7
|
| Köln |
0.6
|
| Birmingham |
0.6
|
| Berlin |
0.3
|
| Glasgow |
0.2
|
| Hannover |
0.1
|
| Liverpool |
0.0
|
| Belfast |
-0.2
|
Old age dependency
(Ratio of population aged 65 plus against those aged 20 to 64)
The table shows that three German cities – Hannover, Berlin and Cologne – have some of the highest old-age dependency ratio, while London and Manchester have some of the ratios.
|
City
|
Ratio of older against younger
|
| Hannover |
31.4
|
| Madrid |
29.1
|
| Berlin |
29.0
|
| Köln |
28.6
|
| Valencia |
26.7
|
| Bergen |
23.2
|
| Bradford |
23.2
|
| Liverpool |
23.1
|
| Göteborg |
22.9
|
| Birmingham |
22.8
|
| Leeds |
22.6
|
| Edinburgh |
22.1
|
| Glasgow |
22.0
|
| Stockholm |
21.8
|
| Cardiff |
21.4
|
| Murcia |
20.8
|
| Oslo |
18.2
|
| London |
17.8
|
| Manchester |
16.6
|
Infant mortality
The table shows that all UK cities suffer from higher infant mortality than their European counterparts.
|
City
|
Infant mortality per 1,000 live births
|
| Birmingham |
8.0
|
| Bradford |
8.0
|
| Glasgow |
6.0
|
| Manchester |
6.0
|
| Bristol |
6.0
|
| Leeds |
5.0
|
| Liverpool |
5.0
|
| Edinburgh |
5.0
|
| Murcia |
4.0
|
| London |
4.0
|
| Inner London |
4.0
|
| Cardiff |
4.0
|
| Sheffield |
4.0
|
| Berlin |
3.0
|
| Köln |
3.0
|
| Hannover |
3.0
|
| Madrid |
3.0
|
| Valencia |
3.0
|
| Oslo |
3.0
|
| Bergen |
2.0
|
| Stockholm |
2.0
|
| Göteborg |
2.0
|
| Belfast |
n/a
|
Particle pollution
Number of days particulate matter concentrations (PM10) exceeds 50 µg/m. UK cities appear to be more polluted than the other European cities.
|
City
|
Days
|
| Sheffield |
17.0
|
| Bristol |
15.0
|
| Madrid |
11.5
|
| Birmingham |
11.0
|
| Leeds |
10.0
|
| Liverpool |
10.0
|
| Manchester |
10.0
|
| London |
9.4
|
| Cardiff |
9.0
|
| Berlin |
8.8
|
| Hannover |
7.0
|
| Belfast |
7.0
|
| Köln |
6.0
|
| Glasgow |
4.5
|
| Oslo |
4.0
|
| Göteborg |
3.0
|
| Bergen |
2.0
|
| Stockholm |
2.0
|
| Edinburgh |
0.0
|
| Valencia |
n/a
|
| Murcia |
n/a
|
| Bradford |
n/a
|
House prices
House prices are the major factor in the cost of living as they affect mortgage and rent costs.
|
City
|
Average price of a house
(per m2 in euros) |
| London* |
5280
|
| Madrid |
4285
|
| Oslo |
3966
|
| Stockholm |
3640
|
| Edinburgh |
3164
|
| Valencia |
3055
|
| Köln |
2800
|
| Bergen |
2798
|
| Göteborg |
2797
|
| Bristol |
2310
|
| Belfast |
2199
|
| Cardiff |
2085
|
| Murcia |
2084
|
| Manchester |
2041
|
| Glasgow |
2034
|
| Leeds |
2026
|
| Birmingham |
1962
|
| Sheffield |
1902
|
| Berlin |
1900
|
| Bradford |
1813
|
| Hannover |
1800
|
| Liverpool |
1740
|
Car ownership
Number of cars registered per 1,000 population
The three Spanish cities, Murcia, Madrid and Valencia, have the highest level of car ownership, while the UK cities, Liverpool Glasgow and Manchester have a relative low level of car ownership.
| City |
Cars per
1,000 people |
| Murcia |
493.0
|
| Madrid |
484.6
|
| Valencia |
484.1
|
| Bergen |
448.7
|
| Hannover |
396.6
|
| Oslo |
378.4
|
| Cardiff |
374.7
|
| Stockholm |
369.8
|
| Bristol |
367.9
|
| Bradford |
351.6
|
| Köln |
349.7
|
| Göteborg |
349.1
|
| Sheffield |
345.1
|
| Leeds |
338.8
|
| Birmingham |
328.5
|
| Edinburgh |
319.4
|
| London |
317.2
|
| Berlin |
285.6
|
| Liverpool |
282.9
|
| Glasgow |
259.1
|
| Manchester |
255.5
|
| Belfast |
n/a
|
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